![]() Damage to the hypothalamospinal fibers disrupts sympathetic nervous system relay and gives symptoms analogous to Horner's syndrome. The damage to the cerebellum or the inferior cerebellar peduncle can cause ataxia. The syndrome is caused by a variety of diseases that lead to occlusion of the vertebral artery or the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. The spinothalamic tract is damaged, resulting in loss of pain and temperature sensation to the opposite side of the body. Damage to the spinal trigeminal nucleus causes absence of pain on the ipsilateral side of the face, as well as an absent corneal reflex. Lateral medullary syndrome (LMS) was first described by Gaspard Vieussux in 1808 and the first clinical description of this syndrome was given by Wallenberg in 1895. (Wallenbergs Syndrome) causes the person to have balance problems and lean to one side. The affected persons have difficulty in swallowing (dysphagia) resulting from involvement of the nucleus ambiguus, and slurred speech (dysphonia, dysarthria). Artery (PICA) carries blood to this part of the brain. Wallenberg syndrome (WS) is a neurological disorder that is due to damage to the lateral portion of the medulla oblongata (i.e., the lateral medullary syndrome). The cause of this syndrome is usually the occlusion of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) at its origin. Other clinical symptoms and findings are ataxia, facial pain, vertigo, nystagmus, Horner's syndrome, diplopia and dysphagia. Recurrent cardiac arrest caused by lateral medulla oblongata infarction. Wallenberg syndrome is also called lateral medullary syndrome or posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) syndrome. ![]() PICA syndrome, or Wallenberg syndrome (Fig. References von Heinemann P, Grauer O, Schuierer G, et al. Rostral to the obex, the entire posterolateral medulla is served by branches of the PICA. This syndrome is characterized by sensory deficits affecting the trunk and extremities on the opposite side of the infarct and sensory and motor deficits affecting the face and cranial nerves on the same side with the infarct. Conduction disturbances, caused by autonomic dysregulation, are uncommon during acute ischaemic stroke, but can be seen in lateral medullary syndrome (Wallenberg or PICA syndrome) 1, 2. Wallenberg syndrome is a condition that affects the nervous system.Signs and symptoms may include swallowing difficulties, dizziness, hoarseness, nausea and vomiting, nystagmus, and problems with balance. ![]()
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